Tests for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) may be used to:Help detect and diagnose certain forms of autoimmune vasculitis, including granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener granulomatosis), microscopic polyangiitis, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg Strauss syndrome). Sometimes this test may also be used to monitor treatment and/or detect a relapse of these conditions. (For more detailed information on these conditions, see the article on Vasculitis.)Help distinguish between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn disease (CD), two common types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).ANCA are autoantibodies produced by a person's immune system that mistakenly attack proteins within the person's neutrophils (white blood cell types). The most common subsets of ANCA are those that target the proteins myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3).Two types of tests may be used:Most often, ANCA tests are performed using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy (IFA). Serum samples are mixed with neutrophils to allow autoantibodies that may be present to react with the cells. The sample is put on a slide and treated with a fluorescent stain. The slide is then examined under a microscope and the resulting pattern noted. The cytoplasmic pattern (cANCA) is associated with PR3 antibodies and the perinuclear pattern (pANCA) is associated with MPO antibodies. Another possible pattern is atypical ANCA.Myeloperoxidase antibodies and proteinase 3 (PR3) antibodies may be individually and specifically tested using an immunoassay method.Some laboratories will perform all three tests, ANCA, MPO and PR3, as a panel while others will perform MPO and PR3 only if an initial ANCA test is positive.Additional tests that may be performed to aid in diagnosis include erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and/or C-reactive protein (CRP) to check for inflammation, complete blood count (CBC) to measure and evaluate white and red blood cells, and urinalysis, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine to evaluate kidney function. For some patients, viral studies for hepatitis or cytomegalovirus may be ordered.
Sample Type - Blood
Reporting Time - 48 Hrs
Prerequisites - No special preparation required
Price - ₹1570/-
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